Effective planning can help make development resilient to the impacts of climate change and help policy makers to identify opportunities to harness benefits from lowering emissions. In developing countries, such planning requires the support of international finance, technology transfer and capacity building mechanisms.

Identifying national priorities for climate compatible development that combines adaptation and low emissions development, while meeting the requirements of international support frameworks, involves balancing upward and downward accountability. This briefing examines lessons learned from different country-scale action planning under such dual accountability frameworks.